Which term refers to the action when a drug increases the effect and duration of another drug?

The term that correctly refers to the action when a drug increases the effect and duration of another drug is "potentiation." This concept describes a scenario in which one drug enhances the effectiveness of another, making it more potent than it would be on its own. In practice, this can lead to more significant therapeutic outcomes or, conversely, an increase in potential side effects if not monitored properly.

In a clinical context, understanding potentiation is essential for medication management, especially when multiple drugs are prescribed. Healthcare providers must carefully consider how different medications interact to avoid adverse reactions and ensure the desired therapeutic effects.

While other terms such as synergism can describe the combined effects of drugs, they typically refer to a mutual enhancement rather than one drug solely increasing the effect of another. This distinction is crucial when describing specific interactions in pharmacology.